Election: Nov 8, 1988. : 426 to 111 for Michael Dukakis. Counted by on Jan 4, 1989.
Vice president under Ronald Reagan from 1981 to 1989. One West Virginia elector voted for Lloyd Bentsen for president. Lost the 1992 election to Bill Clinton.
AppointmentAug 23, 1992 · appointed by the president · after Samuel K. Skinner left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Previously Secretary of State. Bush asked him on August 13, 1992 to resign as Secretary of State and become Chief of Staff and Senior Counselor to the President, effective August 23, 1992. The White House record of January 19, 1993 still lists him as Chief of Staff to the President.
James A. Baker III, 1989 · U.S. Department of State · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Samuel K. SkinnerDec 16, 1991 — Aug 23, 1992appointed
AppointmentDec 16, 1991 · appointed by the president · after John H. Sununu left
ResignationAug 23, 1992 · Bush said Skinner had encouraged him to bring James Baker to the White House and that Skinner would become general chairman of the Republican National Committee. Skinner's letter set his resignation to take effect on August 23, 1992.
Previously Secretary of Transportation. Bush named him Chief of Staff at a news conference on December 5, 1991. His resignation as Secretary of Transportation took effect on December 16, 1991. The White House record of December 16, 1991 lists him as Chief of Staff to the President.
John H. SununuJan 20, 1989 — Dec 15, 1991appointed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
ResignationDec 15, 1991 · Sununu wrote that during a political campaign perceptions can be converted into real political negatives and that he would never want to be a drag on the president's success. He wrote that resigning was in the president's best interest.
Bush commissioned him as Chief of Staff to the President on January 21, 1989, the Public Papers show. His resignation letter set the resignation to take effect on December 15, 1991. Bush kept him as a Counsellor to the President with Cabinet rank through March 1, 1992.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Bush commissioned him as Counsel to the President on January 21, 1989, the Public Papers show. A White House announcement of January 11, 1993 names him as Counsel to the President. No source we checked gives his last day.
AppointmentAug 23, 1992 · appointed by the president · after David Demarest left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Previously Assistant Secretary of State for Public Affairs and State Department spokesperson. Her title was Assistant to the President for Communications. Press Secretary Fitzwater announced on August 13, 1992 that the appointment would take effect on August 23, 1992. A later White House biography says she held the post from August 1992 until January 1993.
David DemarestJan 20, 1989 — Aug 23, 1992appointed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
ReplacedAug 23, 1992 · Bush appointed Margaret Tutwiler Assistant to the President for Communications, effective August 23, 1992. Demarest said later that Baker asked him to keep his public liaison work.
His title was Assistant to the President for Communications. Bush commissioned him on January 21, 1989, the Public Papers show. In an oral history interview with the Miller Center he said he was communications director from 1989 to 1992 and stayed at the White House for the rest of the term.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Reagan announced on January 12, 1987 that he would appoint Fitzwater Assistant to the President for Press Relations when Larry Speakes left. Bush commissioned him as Assistant to the President and Press Secretary on January 21, 1989, the Public Papers show. The Public Papers carry a statement by Press Secretary Fitzwater dated January 15, 1993. No source we checked gives his last day.
Marlin Fitzwater, 1987 · White House photographer Johnson · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
National Security Advisor
Brent Scowcroftappointed
Jan 20, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993
Details
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
His title was Assistant to the President for National Security Affairs. The National Security Council history gives his dates as January 20, 1989 to January 20, 1993. Bush commissioned him on January 21, 1989, the Public Papers show.
Jan 25, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Jan 25, 1989
Details
AppointmentJan 25, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jan 25, 1989
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Bush sent the nomination to the Senate on January 20, 1989. The Senate confirmed him by 99 votes to 0 on January 25, 1989. Bush attended his swearing-in ceremony on January 26, 1989. The OMB list of former directors gives his dates as January 25, 1989 to January 20, 1993.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · elected in November 2024 · from the start of the term
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
The Congressional Record of January 20, 1989 records that Justice Sandra Day O'Connor gave the oath of office to Vice President-elect James Danforth Quayle at the inauguration.
Dan Quayle, 1990 · Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Secretary of State
Lawrence Eagleburgerrecess appointment
Dec 8, 1992 — Jan 19, 1993
Details
AppointmentDec 8, 1992 · recess appointment by the president
DepartureJan 19, 1993 · The Office of the Historian gives January 19, 1993 as the end of his appointment, the day before the Bush administration ended. No source we checked gives a reason.
The White House announced his recess appointment on December 8, 1992. The Office of the Historian says he was commissioned during a recess of the Senate and gives December 8, 1992 as his entry on duty and January 19, 1993 as the end of his appointment.
Lawrence Eagleburger, 1992 · U.S. Department of State · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Lawrence EagleburgerAug 23, 1992 — Dec 8, 1992acting
AppointmentAug 23, 1992 · acting · after James A. Baker III left
Permanent appointmentDec 8, 1992 · President Bush gave him a recess appointment as Secretary of State on December 8, 1992, the White House announced.
Deputy Secretary of State. President Bush's letter of August 13, 1992 names him Acting Secretary. The Office of the Historian lists him as Secretary of State ad interim from August 23, 1992 to December 8, 1992.
James A. Baker IIIJan 25, 1989 — Aug 23, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 25, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jan 25, 1989 · after Michael Armacost left
Moved to another postAug 23, 1992 · President Bush accepted his resignation effective August 23, 1992 and asked him to join the White House as Chief of Staff and Senior Counselor to the President, the President's letter of August 13, 1992 says.
The Office of the Historian gives January 25, 1989 as his appointment and entry on duty and August 23, 1992 as the end of his appointment.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · acting · from the start of the term
HandoverJan 25, 1989 · James Baker took office.
Under Secretary of State for Political Affairs. The State Department's Office of the Historian lists him as Secretary of State ad interim from January 20, 1989 to January 25, 1989.
Mar 20, 1989 — Aug 23, 1992Senate vote Mar 17, 1989
Details
AppointmentMar 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 17, 1989
Moved to another postAug 23, 1992 · He became Acting Secretary of State on August 23, 1992, the Office of the Historian says.
Confirmed without a roll call, the Congressional Record shows. The Office of the Historian gives March 17, 1989 as his appointment, March 20, 1989 as his entry on duty and August 23, 1992 as the end of his appointment.
Lawrence Eagleburger, 1992 · U.S. Department of State · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Secretary of the
Nicholas BradySenate-confirmed
Jan 20, 1989 — Jan 17, 1993
Details
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
ResignationJan 17, 1993 · The Treasury says he resigned as Secretary of the Treasury on January 17, 1993.
President Reagan appointed him in 1988 and he stayed in office under President Bush, the Treasury says. It lists his service from September 16, 1988 under President Reagan and from January 20, 1989 to January 17, 1993 under President Bush.
Mar 21, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Mar 17, 1989
Details
AppointmentMar 21, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 17, 1989 · after William Howard Taft IV left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Congressman from Wyoming before he took the post. The Defense Department's Historical Office says he entered office on March 21, 1989 and left the Pentagon on January 20, 1993. President Bush spoke at his swearing-in on March 21, 1989.
Dick Cheney, 1991 · Jeff Elliott, U.S. Navy · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
William Howard Taft IVJan 20, 1989 — Mar 21, 1989acting
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · acting · from the start of the term
HandoverMar 21, 1989 · Dick Cheney took office.
Deputy Secretary of Defense. The Defense Department's Historical Office lists him as Acting Secretary of Defense from January to March 1989 and says Frank Carlucci left office on January 20, 1989. The Senate rejected the nomination of John Tower as Secretary of Defense by 47-53 on March 9, 1989.
AppointmentApr 24, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Apr 19, 1989 · after William Howard Taft IV left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Vice chairman of General Motors before he took the post, the White House said. Confirmed by unanimous consent with other nominees, the Congressional Record shows. The Defense Department's Historical Office dates his service from April 24, 1989 to January 20, 1993.
Donald Atwood, 1992 · Helene C. Stikkel · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
William Howard Taft IVJan 20, 1989 — Apr 22, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
Moved to another postApr 22, 1989 · President Bush announced on March 24, 1989 that he would nominate him as US Permanent Representative to the NATO Council.
In the post since 1984 under President Reagan. The Defense Department's Historical Office dates his service as deputy from February 3, 1984 to April 22, 1989.
AppointmentJan 16, 1993 · acting · after William Barr left
The Supreme Court's reports say Attorney General Barr resigned effective January 15, 1993 and Gerson became acting attorney general effective January 16, 1993. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993. He stayed acting attorney general under President Clinton until March 12, 1993.
William BarrNov 26, 1991 — Jan 15, 1993Senate-confirmed
AppointmentNov 26, 1991 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Nov 20, 1991
ResignationJan 15, 1993 · He resigned effective January 15, 1993, the Supreme Court's reports say.
President Bush announced the nomination on October 16, 1991. Confirmed without a roll call, the Congressional Record shows. The Justice Department says he was appointed on November 26, 1991 and held the office until January 20, 1993. President Bush spoke at his swearing-in on November 26, 1991.
Dick ThornburghJan 20, 1989 — Aug 15, 1991Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
ResignationAug 15, 1991 · He resigned to seek the Republican nomination for the Senate seat from Pennsylvania left vacant by the death of Senator John Heinz, his resignation letter says. President Bush accepted the resignation on August 9, 1991, effective at the close of business on August 15, 1991.
Appointed by President Reagan and sworn in on August 12, 1988, the Justice Department says. It says he continued in office under President Bush until August 15, 1991.
AppointmentFeb 3, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Feb 2, 1989 · after Earl Gjelde left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
The Interior Department lists him as confirmed on February 2, 1989 and taking office on February 3, 1989. It gives January 20, 1993 as his termination.
Under Secretary of the Interior, the National Park Service's list of Interior officials says. An Interior Department release of January 27, 1989 names him acting secretary of the Interior. No source we checked gives the day his acting service began.
AppointmentMar 8, 1991 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 7, 1991 · after Clayton Yeutter left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Ranking Republican on the House Agriculture Committee before he took the post, the Agriculture Department says. The Public Papers list him as sworn in on March 8, 1991. President Bush spoke at his swearing-in ceremony on March 12, 1991, and the Agriculture Department says he assumed office that day. The Public Papers volume that ends in January 1993 lists him as Secretary of Agriculture.
Clayton YeutterFeb 16, 1989 — Mar 1, 1991Senate-confirmed
AppointmentFeb 16, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Feb 8, 1989
ResignationMar 1, 1991 · He resigned so that he could become chairman of the Republican National Committee, his letter of resignation says. President Bush accepted it on January 25, 1991, effective March 1, 1991.
US Trade Representative before he took the post, the Agriculture Department says. It says he was sworn in on February 16, 1989 and served until March 1, 1991.
Feb 27, 1992 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Feb 27, 1992
Details
AppointmentFeb 27, 1992 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Feb 27, 1992 · after Rockwell Schnabel left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Confirmed without a roll call, the Congressional Record shows. The Commerce Department lists her service from February 27, 1992 to January 20, 1993 and says she was the second woman to serve as secretary. Her own biography says she was sworn in on February 27, 1992. President Bush spoke at her swearing-in ceremony on March 23, 1992, and the Public Papers list her as sworn in that day.
AppointmentJan 1992 · acting · after Robert Mosbacher left
HandoverFeb 27, 1992 · Barbara Franklin took office.
President Bush announced on February 5, 1991 that he would nominate him as Deputy Secretary of Commerce. A White House statement of February 12, 1992 names him Acting Commerce Secretary. President Bush thanked him at Franklin's swearing-in ceremony on March 23, 1992 for the job he had done in an interim period. No source we checked gives the day his acting service began.
AppointmentFeb 7, 1991 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Feb 7, 1991 · after Elizabeth Dole left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
The Labor Department lists her tenure as February 7, 1991 to January 20, 1993. The Senate confirmed her by 94-0 on February 7, 1991. At a ceremony with President Bush on February 22, 1991 her husband, District Judge Harry Leinenweber, gave her the oath of office.
Lynn Martin, 1992 · The White House · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Elizabeth DoleJan 25, 1989 — Nov 23, 1990Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 25, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jan 25, 1989
ResignationNov 23, 1990 · She resigned to become president of the American Red Cross, the Labor Department says. President Bush announced her resignation on October 24, 1990.
Former Secretary of Transportation. The Labor Department lists her tenure as January 25, 1989 to November 23, 1990. The Senate confirmed her by 99-0 on January 25, 1989. President Bush spoke at her swearing-in ceremony at the Labor Department on January 30, 1989.
AppointmentMar 1, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 1, 1989
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
The Department of Health and Human Services lists his term as March 1, 1989 to January 20, 1993. The Senate confirmed him by 98-1 on March 1, 1989. President Bush spoke at his swearing-in ceremony on March 10, 1989.
Feb 24, 1992 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Feb 21, 1992
Details
AppointmentFeb 24, 1992 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Feb 21, 1992 · after James Busey left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Previously Deputy White House Chief of Staff. The Transportation Department gives his tenure as February 24, 1992 to January 20, 1993. A Senate table of cabinet nominations lists his confirmation on February 21, 1992 by unanimous consent.
AppointmentDec 1991 · acting · after Samuel K. Skinner left
HandoverFeb 24, 1992 · Andrew Card became Secretary of Transportation on February 24, 1992.
Deputy Secretary of Transportation, sworn in on December 4, 1991, and before that FAA Administrator. The FAA staff newspaper reported that he became acting secretary later in December 1991. In a speech to department staff on January 9, 1992 he said he had served as Acting Secretary since Skinner left. Department speeches from December 17, 1991 to February 1992 give his title as Acting Secretary of Transportation.
Samuel K. SkinnerFeb 6, 1989 — Dec 13, 1991Senate-confirmed
AppointmentFeb 6, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jan 31, 1989 · after James Burnley left
Moved to another postDec 13, 1991 · He resigned to become White House chief of staff, the Transportation Department says. President Bush named him chief of staff on December 5, 1991, effective December 16, 1991, the FAA staff newspaper reported.
Previously head of the Regional Transportation Authority of Northeastern Illinois. The Transportation Department gives his tenure as February 6, 1989 to December 13, 1991 and says he took office at a swearing-in ceremony on February 6, 1989. His resignation letter to President Bush made the resignation effective on December 16, 1991. The Senate confirmed him by 100-0 on January 31, 1989.
James BurnleyJan 20, 1989 — Jan 30, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
DepartureJan 30, 1989
Holdover. The Senate confirmed him by 74-0 on November 30, 1987 under President Reagan. The Transportation Department gives his tenure as December 3, 1987 to January 30, 1989.
AppointmentMar 1, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 1, 1989 · after Donna Fitzpatrick left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
The Energy Department lists his term of office as March 1, 1989 to January 20, 1993. Its timeline says he was sworn in on March 9, 1989. The Senate confirmed him by 99-0 on March 1, 1989.
Mar 22, 1991 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Mar 14, 1991
Details
AppointmentMar 22, 1991 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 14, 1991 · after Ted Sanders left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
A Senate table of cabinet nominations lists his confirmation on March 14, 1991 by voice vote. President Bush spoke at his swearing-in ceremony on March 22, 1991, where Judge John Minor Wisdom gave the oath.
AppointmentDec 1990 · acting · after Lauro Cavazos left
HandoverMar 22, 1991 · Lamar Alexander was sworn in as Secretary of Education on March 22, 1991.
Deputy Secretary of Education. UPI reported on December 13, 1990 that he was named acting secretary until the administration nominated a successor. Education Week reported in January 1991 that he was serving as acting secretary.
Lauro CavazosJan 20, 1989 — Dec 15, 1990Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
ResignationDec 15, 1990 · President Bush accepted his resignation at a Cabinet meeting in December 1990. UPI reported that he gave no explanation. Education Week reported, citing department and White House sources, that White House Chief of Staff John Sununu had told him on December 11, 1990 to resign. The sources said the administration wanted a more dynamic spokesman on education.
Holdover. Confirmed by the Senate on September 20, 1988 under President Reagan, a Senate table of cabinet nominations shows. Education Week reported that his resignation took effect on December 15, 1990.
The Department of Veterans Affairs took over from the Veterans Administration on March 15, 1989. Until then the head of the agency was the Administrator of Veterans Affairs.
Details
AppointmentSep 26, 1992 · acting · after Edward Derwinski left
DepartureJan 1993
Deputy Secretary of Veterans Affairs since March 17, 1989. A White House biography says President Bush named him Acting Secretary on September 26, 1992 and that he served in that role until January 1993.
Edward DerwinskiMar 1989 — Sep 26, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentMar 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 2, 1989 · after Thomas E. Harvey left
ResignationSep 26, 1992 · He resigned to become deputy chairman for ethnic coalitions in President Bush's re-election campaign. He wrote that he wanted to keep the department free of any political label. President Bush accepted the resignation on September 26, 1992.
Previously Under Secretary of State. The Senate confirmed him by 94-0 on March 2, 1989 as Secretary of Veterans Affairs and Administrator of Veterans Affairs, the Congressional Record Daily Digest shows. He was first Administrator of Veterans Affairs. He testified to Congress as Administrator on March 6, 1989 and signed a Veterans Administration notice as Administrator on March 8, 1989. The Department of Veterans Affairs took over from the Veterans Administration on March 15, 1989 and he became its first Secretary that day. The department says he served from March 15, 1989 to September 26, 1992 and was sworn in by President Bush on March 15, 1989. The day he took over as Administrator was not found.
HandoverMar 1989 · Edward Derwinski took over as Administrator of Veterans Affairs after the Senate confirmed him on March 2, 1989.
Acting Administrator of Veterans Affairs. President Reagan announced his nomination as Deputy Administrator in 1986. Thomas Turnage signed a rule as Administrator on January 9, 1989. Harvey signed rules as Acting Administrator from January 24, 1989 to February 17, 1989, the Federal Register shows. He testified to Congress as Acting Administrator on February 8, 1989 and March 1, 1989, the Congressional Record Daily Digest shows. The day he took over was not found.
William Reilly, 1990 · U.S. Environmental Protection Agency · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
John MooreJan 21, 1989 — Feb 5, 1989acting
AppointmentJan 21, 1989 · acting
HandoverFeb 5, 1989 · William Reilly became EPA Administrator on February 6, 1989, the EPA says.
The EPA chronology lists him as acting administrator from January 21, 1989 to February 5, 1989. It ends the tenure of his predecessor, Lee Thomas, on January 20, 1989.
The Director of Central Intelligence headed the CIA and the whole intelligence community. The title became Director of the Central Intelligence Agency in 2005, a CIA history shows.
Details
AppointmentNov 6, 1991 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Nov 5, 1991 · after Richard Kerr left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
A CIA history says he had served as deputy to Directors Casey and Webster. A CIA history gives his tenure as November 6, 1991 to January 20, 1993. The Senate confirmed him by 64-31 on November 5, 1991.
William WebsterJan 20, 1989 — Aug 31, 1991Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
ResignationAug 31, 1991 · A CIA history says he told the President in early May 1991 that he had decided to leave. He believed a period of reform and cuts was coming for intelligence and did not wish to preside over a dismantling of the capabilities he led.
Holdover. A CIA history gives his tenure as May 26, 1987 to August 31, 1991, so he was appointed under President Reagan.
Feb 6, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Jan 31, 1989
Details
AppointmentFeb 6, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jan 31, 1989
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
The State Department records her appointment on February 1, 1989, her entry on duty on February 6, 1989 and the end of her appointment on January 20, 1993. President Bush spoke at her swearing-in ceremony on February 6, 1989. The Senate confirmed her by 100-0 on January 31, 1989.
Carla Hills, 1992 · Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Ambassador to the United Nations
Edward PerkinsSenate-confirmed
May 12, 1992 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Apr 2, 1992
Details
AppointmentMay 12, 1992 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Apr 2, 1992 · after Thomas Pickering left
The State Department records his appointment on April 6, 1992, the presentation of his credentials at the UN on May 12, 1992 and the end of his mission on January 27, 1993. A Senate table of cabinet nominations lists his confirmation on April 2, 1992 by unanimous consent. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
Thomas PickeringMar 20, 1989 — May 7, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentMar 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 7, 1989 · after Vernon Walters left
Moved to another postMay 7, 1992 · He became ambassador to India. The State Department records his appointment there on April 6, 1992 and the presentation of his credentials in India on August 14, 1992.
The State Department records his appointment on March 8, 1989, the presentation of his credentials at the UN on March 20, 1989 and the end of his mission on May 7, 1992. President Bush spoke at his swearing-in ceremony on March 20, 1989, where Secretary of State James Baker gave the oath. The Senate confirmed him by 99-0 on March 7, 1989.
Vernon WaltersJan 20, 1989 — Mar 15, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
DepartureMar 15, 1989
Holdover. The State Department records his appointment under President Reagan on May 17, 1985 and the end of his mission at the UN on March 15, 1989. It records his appointment as ambassador to West Germany on April 14, 1989.
Mar 27, 1991 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Mar 21, 1991
Small Business Administration.
Details
AppointmentMar 27, 1991 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 21, 1991 · after Susan Engeleiter left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
The SBA list of administrators gives her tenure as March 27, 1991 to January 20, 1993. A Senate table of cabinet nominations lists her confirmation on March 21, 1991 by unanimous consent.
Susan EngeleiterApr 20, 1989 — Mar 27, 1991Senate-confirmed
AppointmentApr 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Apr 19, 1989 · after James Abdnor left
ResignationMar 27, 1991 · President Bush said on January 22, 1991 that he had accepted her resignation, effective on or before May 1, 1991. He said she planned to leave government for a career in the private sector in the Midwest.
The SBA list of administrators gives her tenure as April 20, 1989 to March 27, 1991. A Senate table of cabinet nominations lists her confirmation on April 19, 1989 by unanimous consent.
James AbdnorJan 20, 1989 — Apr 20, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
DepartureApr 20, 1989
Holdover. The SBA list of administrators gives his tenure as March 23, 1987 to April 20, 1989, under President Reagan. A Senate table of cabinet nominations lists his confirmation on March 20, 1987.
AppointmentDec 1990 · acting · after William Bennett left
HandoverMar 28, 1991 · Bob Martinez was sworn in as director on March 28, 1991.
Chief of staff of the office. President Bush said on November 30, 1990 that Walters would carry on until Martinez took over. The Public Papers call him Acting Director on December 19, 1990 and Chief of Staff and Acting Director on January 31, 1991. He told the Senate in 2001 that he was acting director from December 1990 to March 1991.
William BennettMar 13, 1989 — Nov 1990Senate-confirmed
AppointmentMar 13, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 9, 1989
ResignationNov 1990 · He wrote to President Bush that he had been asked to develop a strategy against illegal drugs and believed that had been done. He asked to resign at the end of November. President Bush accepted the resignation on November 8, 1990. Bennett said that day that nine years in government was enough for now. Education Week reported that he said he needed to rest.
Former Secretary of Education. The first director of the office. President Bush said on March 13, 1989 that Justice Antonin Scalia had just sworn him in at the Oval Office. The Senate confirmed him by 97-2 on March 9, 1989. The Christian Science Monitor reported on December 17, 1990 that he had left the post a few weeks earlier.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
Holdover. A federal district judge before. President Reagan announced the nomination on July 24, 1987 and the Senate confirmed him unanimously on September 25, 1987, the Reagan Library records show. Sworn in on November 2, 1987, the FBI says. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
Aug 13, 1990 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Jul 27, 1990
Details
AppointmentAug 13, 1990 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jul 27, 1990 · after Terrance Burke left
Federal district judge in Los Angeles and before that U.S. attorney there. President Bush announced the nomination on May 11, 1990, the White House said. Confirmed without a roll call on July 27, 1990, the Congressional Record shows. Sworn in as the DEA's fifth administrator on August 13, 1990, the DEA says. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
AppointmentMar 23, 1990 · acting · after John Lawn left
HandoverAug 13, 1990 · Robert Bonner was sworn in as administrator.
A career DEA agent, named acting administrator when Lawn retired, the DEA says. The Congressional Record lists him as acting administrator at hearings on May 2, 1990 and June 28, 1990.
John LawnJan 20, 1989 — Mar 23, 1990Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
ResignationMar 23, 1990 · Lawn retired on March 23, 1990, the DEA says.
Holdover. Deputy administrator from 1982 and acting administrator from March 1, 1985. Nominated on April 4, 1985, confirmed by the Senate on July 16, 1985 and sworn in on July 26, 1985 as the DEA's fourth administrator, the DEA says.
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms, then part of the Treasury.
Details
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
Holdover. ATF lists him as director from 1983 to 1993. Cox News Service reported on October 1, 1993 that he had announced he planned to retire after 11 years in the job. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
Aug 12, 1992 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Aug 11, 1992
Details
AppointmentAug 12, 1992 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Aug 11, 1992
Confirmed without a roll call on August 11, 1992, the Congressional Record shows. The Marshals Service lists him as director from August 12, 1992. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
AppointmentFeb 24, 1992 · acting · after K. Michael Moore left
Permanent appointmentAug 12, 1992 · The Senate confirmed him as director.
U.S. attorney for the Eastern District of Virginia from 1986 to 1991. President Bush announced on November 20, 1991 that he would nominate Hudson to succeed Moore, the White House said. The Marshals Service lists him as acting director from February 24, 1992.
K. Michael MooreNov 6, 1989 — Feb 24, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentNov 6, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Nov 3, 1989 · after Stanley Morris left
Moved to another postFeb 24, 1992 · The Senate confirmed Moore on February 6, 1992 as a federal district judge for the Southern District of Florida, the Congressional Record shows.
The Senate received the nomination on September 18, 1989 and confirmed it without a roll call on November 3, 1989, the Congressional Record shows. The Marshals Service lists him as director from November 6, 1989. It dates the next head, Henry Hudson, from February 24, 1992. The day Moore left is not on record.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
Moved to another postNov 6, 1989 · The Senate confirmed Morris on September 29, 1989 as deputy director for supply reduction at the Office of National Drug Control Policy, the Congressional Record shows.
Holdover. The Marshals Service lists him as director from October 23, 1983. President Bush announced on July 25, 1989 that he would nominate Morris to the new drug policy post. The Marshals Service dates the next director, K. Michael Moore, from November 6, 1989. The day Morris left is not on record.
AppointmentApr 1992 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Apr 9, 1992
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
U.S. attorney for Vermont from 1986 to 1990. Confirmed without a roll call on April 9, 1992, the Congressional Record shows. The Justice Department says he served from April 1992 to January 1993. He told a Senate subcommittee in 1995 that he left the Justice Department on January 20, 1993, after serving as acting attorney general in the last days of the administration.
AppointmentNov 1991 · acting · after William Barr left
Permanent appointmentApr 1992 · The Senate confirmed him as deputy attorney general.
Principal associate deputy attorney general. The Public Papers of the President list him as acting deputy attorney general at Barr's swearing-in as attorney general on November 26, 1991. He told a Senate subcommittee in 1995 that he had served in the post in an acting capacity from August 1991. President Bush announced the nomination on February 14, 1992, the White House said. The Congressional Record lists him as acting deputy attorney general at a hearing on February 26, 1992.
AppointmentJul 1990 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jul 18, 1990 · after Donald Ayer left
Moved to another postNov 1991 · Barr became attorney general. President Bush spoke at his swearing-in on November 26, 1991 and said Barr had served as deputy attorney general and then acting attorney general.
Head of the Justice Department's Office of Legal Counsel from 1989. President Bush announced the nomination on May 11, 1990, the White House said. Confirmed without a roll call on July 18, 1990, the Congressional Record shows. The Justice Department says he served from July 1990 to November 1991.
AppointmentNov 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Nov 3, 1989 · after Edward Dennis left
DepartureMay 1990
Principal deputy solicitor general from 1986 to 1988. President Bush announced the nomination on September 13, 1989, the White House said. Confirmed without a roll call on November 3, 1989, the Congressional Record shows. The Justice Department says he served from November 1989 to May 1990.
AppointmentJul 1989 · acting · after Harold Christensen left
HandoverNov 1989 · Donald Ayer took office.
The Congressional Record lists him as acting deputy attorney general at hearings from July 11, 1989 to October 2, 1989. The days he took over and left are not on record.
Harold ChristensenJan 20, 1989 — Jun 1, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
DepartureJun 1, 1989
Holdover. President Reagan nominated him on May 24, 1988 and the Senate confirmed him on October 4, 1988, the Justice Department says. It says he served until June 1, 1989.
May 27, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote May 18, 1989
Details
AppointmentMay 27, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on May 18, 1989 · after William Bryson left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Judge of the U.S. Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia Circuit from 1983. The White House announced on February 1, 1989 that President Bush would nominate him. The Supreme Court's reports say President Bush nominated him on January 31, 1989, the Senate confirmed him on May 18, 1989, he was commissioned on May 22, 1989 and took the oath of office on May 27, 1989. The Congressional Record lists the confirmation without a roll call. The reports say he resigned effective January 20, 1993.
HandoverMay 27, 1989 · Kenneth Starr took the oath of office.
Deputy solicitor general. The Supreme Court's reports say Charles Fried resigned as solicitor general effective January 20, 1989 and that Bryson became acting solicitor general effective January 21, 1989.
AppointmentFeb 2, 1992 · appointed by the president · after John Simpson left
In charge of all protective operations for the President and the First Lady before. Director from February 2, 1992, his Treasury biography says. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
Oct 1, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Sep 22, 1989
Details
AppointmentOct 1, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Sep 22, 1989 · after William Crowe left
Army general. President Bush announced the nomination on August 10, 1989. The Senate confirmed him by unanimous consent in a sitting that began on September 21, 1989 and ran past midnight. Its list of nominations confirmed that night is dated September 22, 1989, the Congressional Record shows. Chairman from October 1, 1989, the Defense Department's list of key officials shows. On May 23, 1991 Bush announced that he would reappoint Powell for a second two-year term. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
Aug 14, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Aug 4, 1989
Details
AppointmentAug 14, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Aug 4, 1989 · after John Marsh left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
Under secretary of the Army from 1988. President Bush announced the nomination on July 24, 1989. Confirmed without a roll call on August 4, 1989, the Congressional Record shows. Sworn in as the 15th secretary of the Army on August 14, 1989, the Center of Military History says. The Defense Department's list of key officials ends his service on January 20, 1993.
Michael Stone, 1989 · Russell Roederer · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
John MarshJan 20, 1989 — Aug 14, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
DepartureAug 14, 1989
Holdover. Secretary of the Army from January 30, 1981 to August 14, 1989, longer than any earlier secretary, the Army's Center of Military History says. The Defense Department's list of key officials ends his service on August 13, 1989.
AppointmentDec 16, 1992 · recess appointment by the president
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
President Bush announced on December 16, 1992 that he would give O'Keefe a recess appointment as secretary, the White House said. The Defense Department's list of key officials dates his service as secretary from December 16, 1992 to January 20, 1993.
Sean O'Keefe, 1992 · Russell F. Roederer · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
Sean O'KeefeJul 7, 1992 — Dec 16, 1992acting
AppointmentJul 7, 1992 · acting · after J. Daniel Howard left
Permanent appointmentDec 16, 1992 · President Bush gave him a recess appointment as secretary.
Comptroller of the Defense Department from 1989. President Bush named him acting secretary on July 7, 1992 until a successor was confirmed, the White House said. Bush announced on October 2, 1992 that he would nominate O'Keefe as secretary.
AppointmentJun 1992 · acting · after Lawrence Garrett left
HandoverJul 7, 1992 · Sean O'Keefe was named acting secretary.
Under secretary of the Navy, confirmed to that post without a roll call on August 4, 1989, the Congressional Record shows. He became acting secretary in June 1992 and was replaced the next month, the Naval History and Heritage Command says. The day he took over is not on record.
Lawrence GarrettMay 15, 1989 — Jun 26, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentMay 15, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on May 12, 1989 · after William Ball left
ResignationJun 26, 1992 · Garrett submitted his resignation on June 26, 1992, accepting full responsibility for the Tailhook incident involving naval aviators, the White House said. President Bush accepted it.
Under secretary of the Navy before. President Bush announced the nomination on April 13, 1989. Confirmed without a roll call on May 12, 1989, the Congressional Record shows. The Defense Department's list of key officials dates his service from May 15, 1989 to June 26, 1992.
William BallJan 20, 1989 — May 15, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
DepartureMay 15, 1989
Holdover. President Reagan nominated him and the Senate confirmed him in March 1988, the Naval History and Heritage Command says. The Defense Department's list of key officials dates his service from March 24, 1988 to May 15, 1989.
May 22, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote May 18, 1989
Details
AppointmentMay 22, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on May 18, 1989 · after John Welch left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
President and chief executive of the RAND Corporation from 1972. President Bush announced the nomination on May 1, 1989. Confirmed without a roll call on May 18, 1989, the Congressional Record shows. Air & Space Forces Magazine and the Defense Department's list of key officials date his service from May 22, 1989 to January 20, 1993.
Donald Rice, 1990 · Unknown author · Public domain · Wikimedia Commons
John WelchApr 29, 1989 — May 21, 1989acting
AppointmentApr 29, 1989 · acting · after James McGovern left
HandoverMay 21, 1989 · Donald Rice took office.
Assistant secretary of the Air Force for acquisition since 1987, the White House said. Air & Space Forces Magazine lists him as acting secretary from April 29, 1989 to May 21, 1989.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · acting · from the start of the term
HandoverApr 29, 1989 · John Welch became acting secretary.
Under secretary of the Air Force, the White House said. Air & Space Forces Magazine lists him as acting secretary from December 16, 1988 to April 29, 1989.
Oct 26, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Oct 24, 1989
Head of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, part of the Justice Department.
Details
AppointmentOct 26, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Oct 24, 1989 · after James Buck left
Term endedJan 20, 1993 · The Bush administration ended on January 20, 1993.
St. Louis County executive from 1975 to 1989. President Bush announced the nomination on August 4, 1989, the White House said. The Senate confirmed him unanimously on October 24, 1989 and he was sworn in two days later, USCIS says. The Congressional Record lists the confirmation without a roll call. USCIS dates his service to January 20, 1993.
AppointmentSep 1989 · acting · after Alan Nelson left
HandoverOct 26, 1989 · Gene McNary was sworn in as commissioner.
Deputy commissioner. The Congressional Record lists him as deputy commissioner at a House hearing on June 8, 1989 and as acting commissioner at hearings on September 13, 1989 and September 15, 1989. The day he took over is not on record.
Alan NelsonJan 20, 1989 — Jun 16, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
DepartureJun 16, 1989
Holdover. President Reagan nominated him on November 18, 1981 and the Senate confirmed him by unanimous consent on February 8, 1982, USCIS says. USCIS dates his service from February 22, 1982 to June 16, 1989.
Head of the U.S. Customs Service, part of the Treasury.
Details
AppointmentNov 1989 · appointed by the president · after Michael Lane left
DepartureJan 1993
Former ambassador to the Bahamas and a former member of the California Assembly. Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady recommended her and her appointment did not need Senate confirmation, the Los Angeles Times reported on October 12, 1989. She signed Customs notices as commissioner on November 8, 1989, the Federal Register shows. It also has Customs rules she signed that the Treasury approved on December 24, 1992, January 4, 1993 and January 8, 1993. The day she took office, the day she left and who led the Customs Service on January 20, 1993 are not on record.
AppointmentOct 1989 · acting · after William von Raab left
HandoverNov 1989 · Carol Hallett became commissioner.
The Congressional Record lists him as deputy commissioner of customs at a hearing in April 1989 and as acting commissioner at House hearings on October 10, 1989 and October 17, 1989. The days he took over and handed over are not on record.
William von RaabJan 20, 1989 — Jul 31, 1989appointed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
ResignationJul 31, 1989 · Von Raab told President Bush in a letter that he was formally resigning on July 31, 1989. He had resigned in January at the request of Treasury Secretary Nicholas Brady, who let him stay until the Customs Service's 200th anniversary, a source told the Los Angeles Times.
Holdover. Head of the Customs Service for eight years, the Los Angeles Times reported. It said the Treasury Secretary had the power to appoint and fire the commissioner.
AppointmentMar 9, 1990 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 1, 1990 · after James Mason left
Confirmed with no roll call, for a term of four years. President Bush had announced on November 1, 1989, that he would nominate her to succeed Koop. He spoke at her swearing-in on March 9, 1990. The first woman and the first Hispanic in the post, the Surgeon General's office says. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
HandoverMar 9, 1990 · Antonia Novello took office.
HHS assistant secretary for health. Koop went on terminal leave in July 1989 and Mason became acting Surgeon General, the National Library of Medicine says. Koop stayed Surgeon General until he resigned. The Congressional Record called Mason Assistant Secretary and Acting Surgeon General at a House hearing on October 24, 1989. No opened source gives the day he took on the acting role.
C. Everett KoopJan 20, 1989 — Sep 30, 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
ResignationSep 30, 1989 · He said in May 1989 that he would resign on October 1, Education Week reported. President Bush accepted the resignation. He would have completed his second four-year term on November 19, Education Week said.
A holdover. The Senate confirmed him on November 16, 1981, and he was sworn in on January 21, 1982, the Surgeon General's office says. The Public Health Service historian lists his service to September 30, 1989. The Surgeon General's office says he resigned on October 1, 1989. A spokesman said in May 1989 that he would go on leave from July 13, Education Week reported. He went on terminal leave in July and James Mason became acting Surgeon General, the National Library of Medicine says.
AppointmentMar 1990 · appointed by the president · after Walter Dowdle left
Head of the White House Office of Policy Development before. CDC lists him as director from 1990 to 1993. The Pink Sheet reported on January 8, 1990, that the top White House health adviser planned to leave his post to become CDC director, possibly as early as February. The Congressional Record called him CDC director on March 22, 1990. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
AppointmentFeb 1989 · acting · after James Mason left
HandoverMar 1990 · William Roper took office.
CDC deputy director. The Congressional Record called him acting CDC director at House hearings on February 22 and March 21, 1989. The Pink Sheet reported on January 8, 1990, that he had led CDC on an acting basis since April. No opened source gives the days his acting service began and ended.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
Moved to another postFeb 1989 · He left to become HHS assistant secretary for health, the Pink Sheet reported. The Senate confirmed him to that post on April 19, 1989.
A holdover. CDC lists him as director from 1983 to 1989. President Bush announced on February 28, 1989, that he would nominate him as assistant secretary for health, and the White House then still called him CDC director. No opened source gives the day he left CDC.
Apr 9, 1991 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Mar 21, 1991
Details
AppointmentApr 9, 1991 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 21, 1991 · after William Raub left
Confirmed with no roll call. The NIH Record reported that the Senate confirmed her on March 21, 1991, and later called the confirmation unanimous. NIH lists her as director from April 9, 1991. She took the oath at a ceremony with President Bush on June 24, 1991. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
AppointmentAug 1, 1989 · acting · after James Wyngaarden left
HandoverApr 8, 1991 · Bernadine Healy took office.
NIH deputy director. He was named acting director upon Wyngaarden's resignation, NIH says. NIH lists his acting service as August 1, 1989, to April 8, 1991.
Nov 8, 1990 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Oct 27, 1990
Details
AppointmentNov 8, 1990 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Oct 27, 1990 · after James Benson left
Confirmed with no roll call, the Congressional Record shows. The FDA lists his service from November 8, 1990, and says he was sworn in on the day the Nutrition Labeling and Education Act was signed. President Bush signed that act on November 8, 1990. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · appointed by the president · from the start of the term
Moved to another postDec 17, 1989 · Effective December 18, 1989, he resigned as commissioner and accepted the position of Assistant Secretary for Health, Science, and the Environment under HHS Secretary Louis Sullivan, the FDA says.
A holdover. HHS Secretary Margaret Heckler swore him in on August 2, 1984, the FDA says. The FDA lists his service as July 15, 1984, to December 17, 1989.
The agency was called the Health Care Financing Administration in these years. HHS Secretary Tommy Thompson renamed it the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services on June 14, 2001, CMS says.
Details
AppointmentApr 15, 1992 · acting · after J. Michael Hudson left
HCFA regional administrator for Region 2, based in New York City, since June 17, 1977. HHS Secretary Louis Sullivan named him acting deputy administrator on April 15, 1992, which made him acting administrator, HHS said. The CMS list gives his acting service as April 1992 to May 1993. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
William RoperJan 20, 1989 — Feb 1989Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
Moved to another postFeb 1989 · President Bush named him Deputy Assistant to the President for Domestic Policy and Director of the White House Office of Policy Development, the White House announced on February 21, 1989.
A holdover. The CMS list of the agency's heads gives his service as May 1986 to February 1989.
Mar 3, 1992 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Feb 27, 1992
Details
AppointmentMar 3, 1992 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Feb 27, 1992
Confirmed with no roll call as chair for four years and as a Board member for fourteen years from February 1, 1992. He took the oath on March 3, 1992, and his four-year term as chair began March 2, the Federal Reserve said. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
Alan GreenspanAug 10, 1991 — Mar 3, 1992recess appointment
AppointmentAug 10, 1991 · recess appointment by the president
Permanent appointmentMar 3, 1992 · The Senate confirmed him as chair for a term of four years.
President Bush announced on August 9, 1991, a recess appointment as chair effective August 10, 1991, the Federal Reserve said. He had announced on July 10, 1991, that he would reappoint him as chair and as a member of the Board.
Alan GreenspanJan 20, 1989 — Aug 10, 1991Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJan 20, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate · from the start of the term
Term endedAug 10, 1991 · His first four-year appointment as chair expired on August 10, 1991, the Federal Reserve said. President Bush gave him a recess appointment as chair effective the same day.
A holdover. Chair since August 11, 1987, the Federal Reserve says.
Fred GoldbergJul 5, 1989 — Feb 2, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJul 5, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jun 23, 1989 · after Michael Murphy left
Moved to another postFeb 2, 1992 · He became Assistant Secretary of the Treasury for Tax Policy. The Senate confirmed him to that post on January 31, 1992.
Confirmed with no roll call, the Congressional Record shows. The IRS lists his service as July 5, 1989, to February 2, 1992.
Oct 11, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Oct 4, 1989
Details
AppointmentOct 11, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Oct 4, 1989 · after Edward Fleischman left
Confirmed as a commissioner with no roll call, for the term expiring June 5, 1993. President Bush had said he would designate him chairman once confirmed, the White House said. The SEC lists him as chairman from October 11, 1989, to May 7, 1993. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
AppointmentAug 8, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Aug 4, 1989 · after Dennis Patrick left
ResignationJan 19, 1993 · He announced in December 1992 that he would step down as chairman on January 19, 1993, the day before Bill Clinton's inauguration, Broadcasting magazine reported. He said he had no definite plans.
Confirmed as a commissioner with no roll call, for a term of five years from July 1, 1988. President Bush had said he would designate him chairman once confirmed, the White House said. The FCC lists him as chairman from August 8, 1989, to January 19, 1993.
Aug 11, 1989 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Aug 3, 1989
Details
AppointmentAug 11, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Aug 3, 1989 · after Daniel Oliver left
Confirmed as a commissioner with no roll call, for a term of seven years from September 26, 1988. President Bush had said he would designate her chairman after her appointment, the White House said. The FTC lists her as chairman from August 11, 1989, to April 11, 1995. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
The Social Security Administration was part of the Department of Health and Human Services until it became an independent agency on March 31, 1995, SSA says.
Details
AppointmentOct 1, 1992 · acting · after Gwendolyn King left
SSA principal deputy commissioner since 1991, SSA says. SSA lists his acting service as October 1, 1992, to July 18, 1993. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
FEMA was an independent agency in these years. FEMA's own list now calls its past heads administrators.
Details
AppointmentAug 1990 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Aug 3, 1990 · after Jerry Jennings left
DepartureJan 1993
Confirmed with no roll call, the Congressional Record shows. FEMA lists him as director from August 1990 to January 1993, and William Tidball as acting head from January 1993.
Apr 1, 1992 — Jan 20, 1993Senate vote Mar 31, 1992
Details
AppointmentApr 1, 1992 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Mar 31, 1992 · after Richard Truly left
Confirmed with no roll call, the Congressional Record shows. NASA lists him as administrator from April 1, 1992, to November 17, 2001. Remained in the post after January 20, 1993.
Richard TrulyJul 1, 1989 — Mar 31, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJul 1, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jun 23, 1989
ResignationMar 31, 1992 · President Bush accepted his resignation on February 12, 1992, the White House said. In his letter that day Truly wrote that the two had met and that he would stay until April 1 because NASA had no deputy.
Confirmed with no roll call, the Congressional Record shows. Congress first passed a bill to let the President appoint him while he was a serving rear admiral. NASA lists him as administrator from July 1, 1989, to March 31, 1992.
AppointmentMay 14, 1989 · acting · after Dale Myers left
Permanent appointmentJun 30, 1989 · He became administrator after the Senate confirmed him.
NASA associate administrator for space flight since 1986. President Bush announced on April 12, 1989, that he would nominate him. NASA lists him as acting administrator from May 14 to June 30, 1989.
AppointmentJul 1, 1992 · acting · after Constance Berry Newman left
DepartureJan 1993
Assistant Secretary of the Army for Financial Management before. President Bush named him acting director effective July 1, 1992, the White House said. The President announced on October 6, 1992, that he would nominate him as director. OPM called him acting director on January 15, 1993. No opened source gives his last day.
Constance Berry NewmanJun 8, 1989 — Jun 30, 1992Senate-confirmed
AppointmentJun 8, 1989 · nominated by the president, confirmed by the Senate on Jun 7, 1989 · after Constance Horner left
DepartureJun 30, 1992
Confirmed with no roll call, the Congressional Record shows. OPM lists her as director from June 8, 1989, to June 30, 1992. OPM also says she was sworn in on June 12, 1989.
Treasury: Nicholas Brady resigned on January 17, 1993. No source names who led the Treasury from January 17, 1993 to January 20, 1993. Sources 1
Labor: Elizabeth Dole left on November 23, 1990 and Lynn Martin took office on February 7, 1991. No source we checked names who led the department in between. Sources 12
Agriculture: Clayton Yeutter's resignation took effect on March 1, 1991 and Edward Madigan was sworn in on March 8, 1991. No source we checked names who led the department in between. Sources 12
Office of Personnel Management: Constance Horner left on May 10, 1989 and Constance Berry Newman took office on June 8, 1989. No source we checked names who led the office in between. Sources 12
Start of the term: the official lists name no acting head between the last Reagan holder and the first Bush appointee in these posts. The gaps are the Office of Management and Budget and Labor from January 20, 1989 to January 25, 1989, Housing and Urban Development to February 13, 1989, the Trade Representative to February 6, 1989, Agriculture to February 16, 1989, Health and Human Services to March 1, 1989, the Deputy Secretary of State to March 20, 1989 and Energy to February 1989. At Transportation no one is named from January 30, 1989, when James Burnley left, to February 6, 1989. Sources 123456789
How this page is made: every line comes from an official page or a news report linked next to it. A reason for leaving is given as the source gave it, with attribution. We add no judgement of our own.
Electoral College
The president is chosen not by the national vote but by 538 electors from the states, and 270 win. Nearly every state gives all its electors to its winner, so a candidate can win the presidency while losing the popular vote.
The federal finance ministry: it collects taxes through the IRS, pays the government's bills and borrows by selling bonds. The interest on those bonds steers mortgage and loan rates.
Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco, Firearms and Explosives: the federal agency that enforces the laws on guns and explosives. Today it is part of the Justice Department.
The group of the top officers of each military service. Its chairman is the highest-ranking officer and the president's chief military adviser but commands no troops.
How a green-card holder becomes a US citizen: usually five years of residence, or three if married to a citizen, an English and civics test, and an oath.
The federal government's chief public health doctor, who warns the country about health risks. The post leads the uniformed Public Health Service corps.
Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services: the federal agency that runs Medicare and oversees Medicaid. Until 2001 it was called the Health Care Financing Administration.
Securities and Exchange Commission: the federal regulator of the stock market. It writes the rules for companies that sell shares and for investment firms.
Add ABRAnews to your home screen. It opens like an app.Tap Share, then “Add to Home Screen”.In the browser menu choose “Add to Home screen” or “Install app”.
